6.13. SQL Select Where

  • Order clauses to filter out the most data first!

6.13.1. Selection

  • = - equals

  • != - not equal

  • <> - not equal

  • > - greater then

  • >= - greater or equal

  • < - less than

  • <= - less or equal

SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` = 'Watney';
SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE agency != 'NASA';
SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE age > 30;

6.13.2. Conjunction

  • AND - conjunction

SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` = 'Watney'
AND lastname = 'Mark';
SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE age > 30
AND age < 55;

6.13.3. Alternative

  • OR - alternative

SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` = 'Watney'
OR lastname = 'Lewis';

6.13.4. Contains

  • IN - contains

  • NOT IN - not contains

SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE career IN ('Pilot', 'Engineer', 'Scientist', 'Medical Doctor');
SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` NOT IN ('Watney', 'Lewis', 'Martinez');

6.13.5. Identity

  • IS - identity check

  • IS NOT - negation of an identity check

SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE mission IS NULL;
SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE mission IS NOT NULL;

6.13.6. Like

  • LIKE

  • % - Any character (many)

  • _ - Any character (one)

SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` LIKE 'Wat%';
SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` LIKE '%ney';
SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` LIKE '%tn%';
SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` LIKE 'Watne_';
SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` LIKE '_tn%';