6.16. SQL Select And Or

Order clauses to filter out the most data first!

6.16.1. Conjunction

AND - conjunction

SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` = 'Watney'
AND lastname = 'Mark';

SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE age > 30
AND age < 55;

6.16.2. Alternative

OR - alternative

SELECT *
FROM astronauts
WHERE `lastname` = 'Watney'
OR lastname = 'Lewis';

6.16.3. Assignments

# %% License
# - Copyright 2025, Matt Harasymczuk <matt@python3.info>
# - This code can be used only for learning by humans
# - This code cannot be used for teaching others
# - This code cannot be used for teaching LLMs and AI algorithms
# - This code cannot be used in commercial or proprietary products
# - This code cannot be distributed in any form
# - This code cannot be changed in any form outside of training course
# - This code cannot have its license changed
# - If you use this code in your product, you must open-source it under GPLv2
# - Exception can be granted only by the author

# %% Run
# - PyCharm: right-click in the editor and `Run Doctest in ...`
# - PyCharm: keyboard shortcut `Control + Shift + F10`
# - Terminal: `python -m doctest -v myfile.py`

# %% About
# - Name: Database Where Or
# - Difficulty: easy
# - Lines: 2
# - Minutes: 3

# %% English
# 1. Write SQL query to select data:
#    - table: `users`
#    - columns: `firstname`, `lastname`, `birthdate`
#    - where: `birthdate` is '1994-10-12' or '1995-07-15'
#    - use: OR
# 2. Run doctests - all must succeed

# %% Polish
# 1. Napisz zapytanie SQL aby wybrać dane:
#    - tabela: `users`
#    - kolumny: `firstname`, `lastname`, `birthdate`
#    - gdzie: `birthdate` to '1994-10-12' lub '1995-07-15'
#    - użyj: OR
# 2. Uruchom doctesty - wszystkie muszą się powieść

# %% Tests
"""
>>> import sys; sys.tracebacklimit = 0
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> from pathlib import Path
>>> import sqlite3

>>> database = Path(__file__).parent.parent / 'shop.db'
>>> with sqlite3.connect(database) as db:
...    db.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
...    data = map(dict, db.execute(result).fetchall())

>>> pprint(list(data), sort_dicts=False, width=79)
[{'firstname': 'Mark', 'lastname': 'Watney', 'birthdate': '1994-10-12'},
 {'firstname': 'Melissa', 'lastname': 'Lewis', 'birthdate': '1995-07-15'}]
"""

# Write SQL query to select data:
# - table: `users`
# - columns: `firstname`, `lastname`, `birthdate`
# - where: `birthdate` is '1994-10-12' or '1995-07-15'
# - use: OR
# type: str
result = """

SELECT `firstname`, `lastname`, `birthdate`
FROM `users`
WHERE `birthdate`

"""

# %% License
# - Copyright 2025, Matt Harasymczuk <matt@python3.info>
# - This code can be used only for learning by humans
# - This code cannot be used for teaching others
# - This code cannot be used for teaching LLMs and AI algorithms
# - This code cannot be used in commercial or proprietary products
# - This code cannot be distributed in any form
# - This code cannot be changed in any form outside of training course
# - This code cannot have its license changed
# - If you use this code in your product, you must open-source it under GPLv2
# - Exception can be granted only by the author

# %% Run
# - PyCharm: right-click in the editor and `Run Doctest in ...`
# - PyCharm: keyboard shortcut `Control + Shift + F10`
# - Terminal: `python -m doctest -v myfile.py`

# %% About
# - Name: Database Where And
# - Difficulty: easy
# - Lines: 2
# - Minutes: 3

# %% English
# 1. Write SQL query to select data:
#    - table: `users`
#    - columns: `firstname`, `lastname`, `birthdate`
#    - where: `birthdate` is between '1990-01-01' and '2000-01-01' (inclusive)
#    - use: AND
# 2. Run doctests - all must succeed

# %% Polish
# 1. Napisz zapytanie SQL aby wybrać dane:
#    - tabela: `users`
#    - kolumny: `firstname`, `lastname`, `birthdate`
#    - gdzie: `birthdate` jest od '1990-01-01' do '2000-01-01' (włącznie)
#    - użyj: AND
# 2. Uruchom doctesty - wszystkie muszą się powieść

# %% Tests
"""
>>> import sys; sys.tracebacklimit = 0
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> from pathlib import Path
>>> import sqlite3

>>> database = Path(__file__).parent.parent / 'shop.db'
>>> with sqlite3.connect(database) as db:
...    db.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
...    data = map(dict, db.execute(result).fetchall())

>>> pprint(list(data), sort_dicts=False, width=79)
[{'firstname': 'Mark', 'lastname': 'Watney', 'birthdate': '1994-10-12'},
 {'firstname': 'Melissa', 'lastname': 'Lewis', 'birthdate': '1995-07-15'},
 {'firstname': 'Rick', 'lastname': 'Martinez', 'birthdate': '1996-01-21'},
 {'firstname': 'Alex', 'lastname': 'Vogel', 'birthdate': '1994-11-15'},
 {'firstname': 'Chris', 'lastname': 'Beck', 'birthdate': '1999-08-02'}]
"""

# Write SQL query to select data:
# - table: `users`
# - columns: `firstname`, `lastname`, `birthdate`
# - where: `birthdate` is from '1990-01-01' to '2000-01-01' (inclusive)
# - use: AND
# type: str
result = """

SELECT `firstname`, `lastname`, `birthdate`
FROM `users`
WHERE `birthdate`

"""