7.1. Example

# pip install fastapi uvicorn pydantic
# uvicorn web:app --reload

from pathlib import Path
from fastapi import FastAPI, UploadFile
from pydantic import BaseModel as Schema, validator


UPLOAD_DIR = '/tmp'

app = FastAPI()


@app.get('/')
async def index():
    """
    $ curl -X GET 'http://localhost:8000/'
    """
    return {'msg': 'hello'}


@app.get('/hello')
async def hello(firstname: str, lastname: str, age: int | None = None):
    """
    $ curl -X GET 'http://localhost:8000/hello?firstname=Mark&lastname=Watney'
    """
    return {'msg': f'hello {firstname} {lastname} masz {age} lat'}


@app.get('/file')
async def file(path: str):
    """
    $ curl -X GET 'http://localhost:8000/dir?path=/tmp/myfile.txt'
    """
    file = Path(path)
    content = file.read_text()
    return {'content': content}


@app.get('/dir')
async def dir(path: str):
    """
    $ curl -X GET 'http://localhost:8000/dir?path=/tmp/mydir'
    """
    dir = Path(path)
    content = dir.rglob('*.py')
    return {'content': content}


@app.post('/upload/file')
async def upload_file(file: UploadFile):
    """
    $ curl -X POST 'http://localhost:8000/upload/file' \
    -H 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data' \
    -H 'Accept: application/json' \
    -F 'files=@myfile.txt;type=text/plain'
    """
    path = Path(UPLOAD_DIR) / file.filename
    size = path.write_bytes(await file.read())
    return {'file': path, 'bytes': size}


@app.post('/upload/files')
async def upload_files(files: list[UploadFile]):
    """
    $ curl -X POST 'http://localhost:8000/upload/files' \
    -H 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data' \
    -H 'Accept: application/json' \
    -F 'files=@myfile.txt;type=text/plain' \
    -F 'files=@myfile.png;type=image/png'
    """
    result = []
    for file in files:
        path = Path(UPLOAD_DIR) / file.filename
        size = path.write_bytes(await file.read())
        result.append({'file': path, 'bytes': size})
    return result


class UserLoginSchema(Schema):
    username: str
    password: str

    @field_validator('password', pre=True)
    def valid_password(cls, password):
        if '$' in password:
            raise ValueError('Invalid character in password')
        else:
            return password


@app.post('/login')
async def login(user: UserLoginSchema):
    """
    $ curl -X POST 'http://localhost:8000/login' \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d '{"username":"mwatney","password":"Ares3"}'
    """
    return {'msg': f'hello {user.username}'}